Global Estimates

Estimates and techniques

The following parameters are estimated per country (or geographical area).

  • Cases infected: Prevalence of COVID-19, i.e., (fraction of) the population that has been infected of COVID-19.
  • Cases daily: The new population (or the fraction thereof) infected on a particular day (to the available knowledge).
  • Cases contagious: The population (or the fraction thereof) that can transmit the COVID-19 on a given day.
  • Cases active: The population (or the fraction thereof) that is infected and whose case is still active on a given day. It includes symptomatic and asymptomatic cases.

We use the following techniques to estimate these parameters. See our publications for a more detailed description of the methods to compute them.

  • Confirmed: These are the values derived from the official data of confirmed cases obtained from Our World in Data. Cases daily are the new cases confirmed in a given day. To estimate cases contagious and active, the distributions of the number of days a case is infectious and active are used, respectively.
  • CCFR: This technique uses the official data of confirmed cases and fatalities obtained from Our World in Data, as described here. It uses a known Case-Fatality Rate and the number of fatalities to correct the number of confirmed cases, taking into account the time from infection to death.
  • CCFR-Fatalities: This is similar to cCFR but using only the official number of fatalities. It uses a value of 15 as time from onset to death (source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC).
  • UMD CLI: The direct symptom responses from the University of Maryland COVID-19 World Symptoms Survey Microdata (part of the CMU/UMD COVID-19 Symptom Survey initiative, CTIS) are used to estimate the ratio of cases with COVID-like ill (CLI). COVID-like illness: fever, along with cough, shortness of breath, or difficulty breathing.” (CTIS participants have to be at least 18 yo.)
  • UMD CLI local: The indirect responses from the CTIS are used to estimate the the ratio of cases with COVID-like ill (CLI). These are responses to the survey question “How many people do you know with these [CLI] symptoms?”
  • Random Forest: Machine learning based estimate of active cases from the responses of the CTIS survey using the Random Forest algorithm. Details here. (CTIS participants have to be at least 18 yo.)
  • Symptomatic random forest: Same as Random Forest, but with the classifier trained only with positive cases that have symptoms.
  • XGBoost: Same as Random Forest, but using the XGBoost algorithm for classification.
  • Symptomatic XGBoost: Same as Symptomatic random forest, but with the XGBoost classifier.

Estimates of active cases per country

(Updated daily)

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Estimates of infected cases per country

(Updated daily)

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World risk map with current estimates of cases

(Updated daily)

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More Data and Estimates

All the collected data and other estimates can be found in the project GitHub repository at https://github.com/GCGImdea/coronasurveys/tree/master/data.

Data Sources and Computation

Source of data on confirmed cases and deaths: Our World in Data.

 

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